Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 22 pp 13411—13421
Regulatory mechanisms of miR-212-3p on the secretion of inflammatory factors in monocyte-macrophages and the directed differentiation into osteoclasts in ankylosing spondylitis
Figure 6. Regulatory mechanisms of miR-212-3p on the secretion of inflammatory factors in monocyte-macrophages and the directed differentiation into OCs in AS. Mechanism 1: miR-212-3p inhibits the protein expressions of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-1β and TNF-α through suppressing the activation of p-ERK1/2, thereby preventing the aggregation of macrophages and the secretion of inflammatory factors in AS. Mechanism 2: miR-212-3p mimic promotes the directed differentiation of monocyte-macrophages into OCs in AS through inhibiting p-ERK1/2 (RANKL: It induces the differentiation of monocyte-macrophages into OCs). M-CSF, macrophage colony stimulating factor; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; OCs, osteoclasts; AS, ankylosing spondylitis; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; NFATC1, nuclear factor of activated T cell 1; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand.