Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 14 pp 6834—6847

Figure 5. OxPAPC-polarized macrophages promote osteogenic differentiation of VICs through ATF4. OxPAPC- or DMSO- polarized macrophages were co-cultured with VICs transduced with sh-ATF4. (A) The protein expression of BMP2, OPN and osteocalcin detected by Western blot. (B) The protein expression of BMP2, OPN and osteocalcin detected by IF. (C) ALP activity determination. ^*p < 0.05. n = 8. Cell experiments were repeated three times independently. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data obeying normal distribution and homogeneity of variance between two groups were analyzed using unpaired t-test. Data obeying normal distribution and homogeneity of variance among multiple groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests.